Dr. Dalvinder Singh Grewal^1*

¹ Desh Bhagat University Punjab India.

*Corresponding Author:Dr. Dalvinder Singh Grewal Desh Bhagat University Punjab India Tel: +09815366726; Fax: +09815366726; E-mail: dalvinder45@yahoo.co.in

Citation: Dr. Dalvinder Singh Grewal (2023) Future Scope of Nanoelectronics. Nano Technol & Nano Sci J 5: 132.

Received: January 13 2023; Accepted: January 20 2023; Published: January 23 2023. 

Copyright: © 2023 Dr. Dalvinder Singh Grewal et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author and source are credited.

Flexible electronics wireless devices and molecular devices will have extensive use of nanotechnology in future; hence studied in detail. The future of mobile electronics and even computers and TV is in stretchable or flexible electronics and the applications will include wearable electronic devices biomedical use compact portable devices and robotic devices. For flexible electronics graphene will be the dominant material because of its superb electrical conductivity flexibility and physical strength.
Organic materials (multi-carbon compounds) are amenable to almost Lego like tinkering with their structure and composition and can exhibit a wide range of properties that might make possible electronic devices far more capable than today's state of the art. A few to tens of nanometers across polymers and other organic molecules are easy to make as stand-alone units but the next step--fabricating organic molecules into devices and circuits—is extremely challenging. Developing device-fabrication and circuit-assembly techniques optimized for organic materials yet compatible with silicon-based electronics manufacturing is now the ongoing research project.
Graph 3 Goals for the Next 5-10 Years: Barriers and Solutions
Better understanding of research and development of the electronic magnetic and photonic interactions that occur and are unique to this nanometer-scale phenomena in devices is needed. For this experiment theory and modelling has to be multiplied over the next decade. New methods have to be developed for imaging and analysis of devices and components. Three-dimensional electron microscopies and improved atomic-scale spectroscopic techniques will be necessarily required. Integration of semiconductor magnetic and photonic nanodevices as well as molecular nanodevices may become possible into functional circuits and chips during this period.
Nano-electronics nanodevices and nano-biotechnology techniques will have to merge as   nanodevices may have biological components. Nano-electronic devices and nanoprobes and sensors will be able to probe measure and efficiently control Biological systems. This will also ensure significant progress in nanomechanical and nanobiomechanical systems. In space the micron or millimeter range nanocomponents are needed to meet reduced size of instrument sizes (http://www.ipt.arc.nasa.gov; http:// www.cism.jpl.nasa.gov). Battlefield sensors for situational awareness too needed to be developed. Equipments providing combination of STM SEM AFM and other needed instrumentation requirements will have to be further researched pe and manufactured and the integration of nanometer-scale control electronics onto micromachines will have to be ensured.
Figure: 1 to 13 Various Carbon Nano materials

Fundamentally new information processing architectures will be needed in IT arena. Quantum computation [1,2] quantum dot cellular automata [3,4] molecular electronics [5] and computation using DNA strands [6,7] are the possible architectural paradigm shifts needed.  The types of IT problems that can be attacked will be fundamentally changed by different architecture. Nanodevices will beneeded to effective implementation of these types of architecture.
The pardigms of the emergence of quantized magnetic [8]; single photonic systems [9] that will allow efficient optical communication; nanomechanical systems [10]; a broad class of structures and devices that merge biological and non-biological objects into interacting systems [11,12]; and use of nanocomponents in the shrinking conventional circuit architectures [13] will need a shift.
Figure 12:  Projected Performance Development

  Figure 13: Embedded Transistors       Figure 14 Transitor in Nano Shape

Figure: 16.CNT structure

Figure: 14 to 20 Various Circuits and their Structure

Figure: 15.and 16 Nanoscaling

Goals for the Next 5-10 Years: Barriers and Solutions 

Nanodevices being complicated systems require the understanding of fundamental phenomena The synthesis of appropriate materials the use of those materials to fabricate functioning devices and the integration of these devices into working systems are required to be understood.  For this reason success will require a substantial funding level over a long period of time.  There is strong sentiment for single investigator funding as well as for structured support of interdisciplinary teams.
Regular access to sophisticated and sometimes expensive tools is essentially required to explore and fabricate nanodevices and rapid prototyping facilities are needed.  The recognition of success in nanodevices will attract expertise from a broad range of traditional disciplines. For this purpose programs should be established to allow rapid adoption of new methods across field boundaries by facilitating and strengthening cross-fertilization among diverse disciplines.
Priorities in Research and Development are to (a) develop new systems and architectures for given functions (b) Study interfaces and integration of nanostructures into devices and systems and (c) Multiscale multiphenomena modeling and simulation of complex systems.
Priorities in Modes of Support are in (a) establishment of consortia or centers of excellence for the research priorities identified above by using vertical and multidisciplinary integration from basic research to prototype development (b) encouragement of system integration at the nanoscale in research and education.
Neither large scale R & D nor manufacturing at this scale at individual or a single factory level because it needs heavy funds equipment and researchers. A Central agency preferably of Government or big corporate house has to take it up seriously. NNI of USA (budgeted $ 1.2 billion by the President of USA with $39 million for nanomanufacturing) is an example of such an agency. Special equipment and specialist scientists must be ortganised under the central agency and they should be accessable to the industry at reasonable or even subsidized rates till the manufacturing network of academic government and industry partners picks up at a mass scale and the industry is able to take on the research and expertise by itself.  Electronic resource community of practice and network of experts working on the development of nanomanufacturing can form National Nano networks where technology transition and exchange through a host of activities including reviews and archiving of emerging materials processes and areas of practice strategic workshops and roadmap development is fostered. A digital library may form the resource of timely information on nanomanufacturing and a platform for collaboration providing information archiving in areas of processes and tools standards reports events and environmental health and safety databases. (ECS Transactions 2016 75 (5) 163-173)

Novel developments in nano electronics including in traditional low-dimensional structures are the forbingers of a bright future for humanity. Silicon is already giving place to CNTs and now new novel materials which include transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) graphene Xenes graphyne borophene germanene silicene Si2BN stanene phosphorene bismuthene molybdenite and 2D alloys and 2D supracrystals 3D topographical structures (foams aerogel substances and materials) and aerographite will certainly change the shape of industry to come.  The research in Nanoecltronic is fast going process; hence the changes too are expected to be faster. The material preposition however is a costly process which oly the privileged few cank make use of the best.  U S Europe japan and China have edge in this respect. India needs to gird up its ions if it wants to be in the rce otherwise if will have to depend on more imports based on nanotechnology and these nw inventions will then be much needed because of their huge military ramifications.

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